How to tune a ukulele by ear
A standard ukulele is most commonly tuned:
G4 – C4 – E4 – A4
This is known as C6 tuning or simply standard ukulele tuning. On a traditional high-G ukulele, the G string is tuned higher than the C string, which gives the instrument its characteristic bright and compact sound.
Use the TuneStrings reference tones above one string at a time. Play the reference note, pluck the matching ukulele string and adjust the tuning machine until the two pitches settle together.
When the pitches are close, you may hear a slow pulsing or “beating” between them. The slower the beat becomes, the closer you are to the correct pitch.
Standard high-G ukulele tuning
| String | Note | Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| 4th string | G4 | 392.00 Hz |
| 3rd string | C4 | 261.63 Hz |
| 2nd string | E4 | 329.63 Hz |
| 1st string | A4 | 440.00 Hz |
These frequencies assume the common reference pitch A4 = 440 Hz.
Why is the G string higher than the C string?
Traditional ukulele tuning is re-entrant. That means the strings do not simply rise from lowest to highest pitch as they do on a guitar.
The 4th string is a high G4, while the 3rd string drops down to C4. That high G is a large part of the familiar ukulele sound.
If you are coming from guitar, this can feel unusual at first because the string physically nearest you is not the lowest-pitched string.
Low-G ukulele tuning
Some players replace the high G4 with a lower G3, giving:
G3 – C4 – E4 – A4
This is called low-G tuning. It keeps the same note names as standard C tuning, but gives the instrument a wider and more linear range.
Low G is especially useful if you want stronger bass movement, melodic playing across the strings or a less traditionally re-entrant sound.
D tuning
Another established ukulele tuning is:
A4 – D4 – F#4 – B4
This is often called D tuning. It keeps the same interval relationship as standard C tuning but raises every string by a whole tone.
D tuning has a bright sound and has historical associations with soprano ukulele playing.
Both standard C and D tuning are available in the TuneStrings ukulele tuner above.
Baritone ukulele tuning
A baritone ukulele is commonly tuned:
D3 – G3 – B3 – E4
This is different from the usual soprano, concert and tenor tuning. It matches the four highest strings of a guitar.
Because of that, a baritone ukulele often feels more familiar to guitar players, but chord shapes and pitch relationships differ from standard G–C–E–A ukulele tuning.
Soprano, concert and tenor ukulele
Soprano, concert and tenor ukuleles usually share the same standard tuning: G4–C4–E4–A4.
The difference between the sizes is mainly scale length, body size, feel and tone rather than the basic standard tuning.
A tenor ukulele may also be fitted with a low G string, while soprano and concert ukuleles are often heard with the traditional high G.
How to hear when the ukulele is in tune
Pluck the string gently and let it ring while the TuneStrings reference tone is playing.
If the two pitches are close but not matched, listen for the movement between them. A faster beat means they are farther apart. A slower beat means you are getting closer.
Once the string sounds stable against the reference, move to the next one. After tuning all four strings, check them again.
Why new ukulele strings keep going out of tune
Fresh ukulele strings, especially nylon and fluorocarbon strings, stretch noticeably after they are fitted.
It is completely normal for a new set to go flat repeatedly during the first playing sessions. Retune them as needed and they will gradually settle.
This can take longer than many beginners expect, so do not assume there is something wrong with the instrument just because new strings refuse to stay perfectly in tune at first.
Ukulele strings and sound
Modern ukulele strings are commonly made from nylon, fluorocarbon or related synthetic materials.
Different string types can change the feel, volume, attack and brightness of the instrument quite noticeably.
There is no single string material that is best for every ukulele. The right choice depends on the instrument and on whether you prefer a softer, warmer response or a brighter and more immediate sound.
A few practical ukulele tuning tips
Use a light and consistent pluck. Pulling the string too hard can make the initial pitch slightly sharp before it settles.
Make small adjustments as you approach the correct pitch. Ukulele tuning machines can move the note quickly because the strings are light and relatively low in tension.
If possible, approach the target pitch from slightly below rather than tuning down from above.
After tuning, play a few familiar chords. Small tuning differences are often easier to hear when several strings sound together.
Frequently asked questions
What is standard ukulele tuning?
The most common standard tuning is G4–C4–E4–A4, usually with a high G string.
Why is ukulele tuning not ordered from low to high?
Traditional high-G ukulele tuning is re-entrant. The G4 string is higher than the following C4 string.
What is low-G ukulele tuning?
Low-G tuning is G3–C4–E4–A4. It replaces the traditional high G4 with a lower G3.
What is D tuning on ukulele?
D tuning is A4–D4–F#4–B4. It raises standard C tuning by one whole tone.
How is a baritone ukulele tuned?
A baritone ukulele is commonly tuned D3–G3–B3–E4.
Do soprano, concert and tenor ukuleles use the same tuning?
Usually, yes. All three commonly use G4–C4–E4–A4, although low-G tuning is also popular, especially on tenor ukulele.
Why do new ukulele strings go flat so quickly?
New synthetic strings stretch after installation. They normally need frequent retuning until they have settled.